Monolingual ad hoc retrieval over Wikipedia passages in 18 languages, built from native-speaker queries and relevance judgments.
unassessed
| Category | embedding |
|---|---|
| Subcategory | multilingual retrieval |
| Page status | active |
| Metric | nDCG@10 |
| Direction | higher_is_better |
| Unit | % |
| Dataset size | 18 |
| Dataset licence | Apache-2.0 for the project-miracl/miracl toolkit and repository code; MTEB's task metadata lists the dataset content itself as CC BY-SA 4.0, consistent with the licence of the Wikipedia text the passage collections are built from. |
| Publisher | David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, with Huawei Noah's Ark Lab |
MIRACL tests whether a retrieval or embedding system can rank passages by relevance to a query within the same language, across 18 typologically diverse languages, most of them under-served by earlier retrieval benchmarks built mainly for English. For each language, the corpus is that language's Wikipedia, split into passages; native speakers of the language wrote the queries and judged which passages were relevant, rather than translating an English query set. It is monolingual retrieval (query and corpus share a language), not cross-lingual retrieval, and it is text-only, covering Arabic, Bengali, German, English, Spanish, Persian, Finnish, French, Hindi, Indonesian, Japanese, Korean, Russian, Swahili, Telugu, Thai, Yoruba and Chinese.
Given a query in one language, rank a passage corpus drawn from that language's Wikipedia by relevance to the query; relevance judgments were produced by native-speaker annotators per language, not machine-translated from a single source language.
| Model | Provider | Score | Card as of |
|---|---|---|---|
| bge m3 | BAAI | 67.8 | 2026-04 |
| colnomic embed multimodal 7B | Nomic AI | 65.8 | 2026-04 |
| nomic embed multimodal 7B | Nomic AI | 65.8 | 2026-04 |
| nomic embed text v2 moe | Nomic AI | 65.8 | 2026-04 |
| nomic embed text v2 moe GGUF | Nomic AI | 65.8 | 2026-04 |
| snowflake arctic embed l v2.0 | Snowflake | 64.9 | 2026-04 |
| jina embeddings v4 | Jina AI | 63.5 | 2026-04 |
| jina embeddings v4 vllm retrieval | Jina AI | 63.5 | 2026-04 |
| jina embeddings v5 text nano | Jina AI | 63.5 | 2026-04 |
| jina embeddings v5 text small | Jina AI | 63.5 | 2026-04 |
| jina embeddings v5 text small retrieval | Jina AI | 63.5 | 2026-04 |
| jina clip v2 | Jina AI | 61.2 | 2026-04 |
| jina code embeddings 1.5B | Jina AI | 61.2 | 2026-04 |
| jina embeddings v3 | Jina AI | 61.2 | 2026-04 |
| Qwen3 Embedding 8B | Alibaba / Qwen Team | 60.0 | 2026-04 |
| Qwen3 VL Embedding 8B | Alibaba / Qwen Team | 60.0 | 2026-04 |
| snowflake arctic embed m v2.0 | Snowflake | 59.2 | 2026-04 |
| bge multilingual gemma2 | BAAI | 59.0 | 2026-04 |
| Voyage 3 | Voyage AI | 58.5 | 2026-04 |
| multilingual e5 large instruct | intfloat | 58.2 | 2026-04 |
| Qwen3 Embedding 4B | Alibaba / Qwen Team | 57.0 | 2026-04 |
| Voyage Multilingual 2 | Voyage AI | 57.0 | 2026-04 |
| e5 mistral 7B instruct | intfloat | 56.5 | 2026-04 |
| Gemini Embedding 001 | Google DeepMind | 56.2 | 2026-04 |
| NV Embed v2 | NVIDIA | 55.5 | 2026-04 |
| multilingual e5 large | intfloat | 55.1 | 2026-04 |
| text-embedding-3-large | OpenAI | 54.9 | 2026-04 |
| granite embedding 278M multilingual | IBM | 54.0 | 2026-04 |
| multilingual e5 base | intfloat | 52.5 | 2026-04 |
| snowflake arctic embed l | Snowflake | 52.0 | 2026-04 |
| Qwen3 Embedding 0.6B | Alibaba / Qwen Team | 51.0 | 2026-04 |
| Qwen3 VL Embedding 2B | Alibaba / Qwen Team | 51.0 | 2026-04 |
| snowflake arctic embed m v1.5 | Snowflake | 50.5 | 2026-04 |
| granite embedding 107M multilingual | IBM | 50.0 | 2026-04 |
| modernbert embed base | Nomic AI | 50.0 | 2026-04 |
| multilingual e5 small | intfloat | 50.0 | 2026-04 |
| nomic embed text v1.5 | Nomic AI | 50.0 | 2026-04 |
| nomic embed text v1.5 GGUF | Nomic AI | 50.0 | 2026-04 |
| SFR Embedding 2 R | Salesforce | 50.0 | 2026-04 |
| snowflake arctic embed m | Snowflake | 48.5 | 2026-04 |
| snowflake arctic embed m long | Snowflake | 48.0 | 2026-04 |
| Voyage 3 Lite | Voyage AI | 48.0 | 2026-04 |
| nomic embed text v1 | Nomic AI | 47.5 | 2026-04 |
| granite embedding english r2 | IBM | 46.0 | 2026-04 |
| granite embedding small english r2 | IBM | 46.0 | 2026-04 |
| Voyage Finance 2 | Voyage AI | 45.5 | 2026-04 |
| LaBSE | Sentence Transformers | 45.0 | 2026-04 |
| Mistral Embed | Mistral AI | 45.0 | 2026-04 |
| snowflake arctic embed s | Snowflake | 44.0 | 2026-04 |
| Voyage Law 2 | Voyage AI | 44.0 | 2026-04 |
| paraphrase multilingual mpnet base v2 | Sentence Transformers | 43.5 | 2026-04 |
| bge large en v1.5 | BAAI | 42.5 | 2026-04 |
| paraphrase multilingual MiniLM L12 v2 | Sentence Transformers | 42.0 | 2026-04 |
| text-embedding-3-small | OpenAI | 42.0 | 2026-04 |
| Voyage Code 3 | Voyage AI | 42.0 | 2026-04 |
| bge large en | BAAI | 41.0 | 2026-04 |
| e5 large v2 | intfloat | 40.0 | 2026-04 |
| snowflake arctic embed xs | Snowflake | 40.0 | 2026-04 |
| bge base en v1.5 | BAAI | 39.0 | 2026-04 |
| e5 large | intfloat | 38.5 | 2026-04 |
| distiluse base multilingual cased v2 | Sentence Transformers | 38.0 | 2026-04 |
| granite embedding 125M english | IBM | 38.0 | 2026-04 |
| bge base en | BAAI | 37.5 | 2026-04 |
| e5 base v2 | intfloat | 37.0 | 2026-04 |
| e5 large unsupervised | intfloat | 37.0 | 2026-04 |
| distiluse base multilingual cased v1 | Sentence Transformers | 36.0 | 2026-04 |
| bge small en v1.5 | BAAI | 35.5 | 2026-04 |
| text-embedding-ada-002 | OpenAI | 35.5 | 2026-04 |
| e5 base | intfloat | 35.0 | 2026-04 |
| SFR Embedding Code 400M R | Salesforce | 35.0 | 2026-04 |
| e5 small v2 | intfloat | 34.5 | 2026-04 |
| bge small en | BAAI | 33.5 | 2026-04 |
| e5 small | intfloat | 32.5 | 2026-04 |
| granite embedding 30M english | IBM | 32.0 | 2026-04 |
| granite embedding 30M sparse | IBM | 32.0 | 2026-04 |
| multi qa mpnet base dot v1 | Sentence Transformers | 32.0 | 2026-04 |
| multi qa mpnet base cos v1 | Sentence Transformers | 31.5 | 2026-04 |
| paraphrase mpnet base v2 | Sentence Transformers | 30.5 | 2026-04 |
| all mpnet base v2 | Sentence Transformers | 30.0 | 2026-04 |
| multi qa MiniLM L6 cos v1 | Sentence Transformers | 30.0 | 2026-04 |
| all MiniLM L12 v2 | Sentence Transformers | 29.0 | 2026-04 |
| msmarco bert base dot v5 | Sentence Transformers | 29.0 | 2026-04 |
| all roberta large v1 | Sentence Transformers | 28.5 | 2026-04 |
| all MiniLM L6 v2 | Sentence Transformers | 28.0 | 2026-04 |
| msmarco MiniLM L12 cos v5 | Sentence Transformers | 28.0 | 2026-04 |
| msmarco MiniLM L6 v3 | Sentence Transformers | 27.5 | 2026-04 |
| all distilroberta v1 | Sentence Transformers | 27.0 | 2026-04 |
| paraphrase MiniLM L12 v2 | Sentence Transformers | 27.0 | 2026-04 |
| paraphrase MiniLM L6 v2 | Sentence Transformers | 26.5 | 2026-04 |
| paraphrase MiniLM L3 v2 | Sentence Transformers | 24.0 | 2026-04 |